Fiji and Vanuatu
Fiji and Vanuatu resumed maritime delimitation discussions in September 2025. Both seek to resolve outstanding issues through dialogue, taking their Melanesian cultural ties into account.
Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-08 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-08History and institutional framework
Senior officials from Fiji and Vanuatu met in Port Vila on September 4 and 5, 2025.
What merchandise trade shows
In 2025, goods trade between Fiji and Vanuatu totalled 44.4 million current USD.
Documented trade sectors
Within the selected chapters, dairy products, eggs and honey stands out in shipments from Fiji to Vanuatu, at 3.2 million USD in 2025.
Bilateral indicators
Blank cells: data unavailable.
| Indicator | Value | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Goods trade | 44.44 M USD | 2025 · Comtrade |
| Goods: Fiji to Vanuatu | 33.3 M USD | 2025 · Comtrade |
| Goods: Vanuatu to Fiji | 11.14 M USD | 2025 · Comtrade |
| Services trade | ||
| Export share: Fiji to Vanuatu | 3.02 % | 2025 · Comtrade |
| Export share: Vanuatu to Fiji | ||
| Investment stock: Fiji in Vanuatu | ||
| Investment stock: Vanuatu in Fiji |
Definitions and sources
Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.
- Goods trade
- 2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters DZA, EGY, ETH, FJI, FRA, GAB, GBR, GEO · Goods; full calendar year; reporter FJI. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF; no addition of mirror declarations. Both directions are identified from the same customs authority.
- Goods: Fiji to Vanuatu
- 2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters DZA, EGY, ETH, FJI, FRA, GAB, GBR, GEO · Goods; full calendar year; reporter FJI. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF; no addition of mirror declarations. Both directions are identified from the same customs authority.
- Goods: Vanuatu to Fiji
- 2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters DZA, EGY, ETH, FJI, FRA, GAB, GBR, GEO · Goods; full calendar year; reporter FJI. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF; no addition of mirror declarations. Both directions are identified from the same customs authority.
- Export share: Fiji to Vanuatu
- 2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters DZA, EGY, ETH, FJI, FRA, GAB, GBR, GEO · Exports to the partner / worldwide exports by the same reporter; same year and coverage.
Country comparison
Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.
| Indicator | Fiji | Vanuatu |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal GDP | 6.2 billion USD2025 · WB | 1.35 billion USD2025 · WB |
| GDP per capita | 6,642 USD2025 · WB | 4,038.74 USD2025 · WB |
| GDP growth | 3.2 %2025 · WB | 3.05 %2025 · WB |
| Policy interest rate | ||
| Inflation · annual average | -1.38 %Annual average · 2025 · WB | 0.66 %Annual average · 2025 · WB |
| Inflation · latest year-on-year figure | ||
| Unemployment | 5.35 %ILO est.2025 · WB | 5.07 %ILO est.2025 · WB |
| Budget balance (% of GDP) | -2.5 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | -3.9 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Gross public debt (% of GDP) | 78.7 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | 40.9 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Current account balance (% of GDP) | -7.78 %2024 · WB | |
| Population | 933,1542025 · WB | 335,1692025 · WB |
| Area | 18,270 km²2023 · WB | 12,190 km²2023 · WB |
| Military expenditure | ||
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) |
Definitions, dates and sources
Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.
Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0
Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.
- Nominal GDP
- Current USDFiji: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Vanuatu: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- GDP per capita
- Current USD per personFiji: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Vanuatu: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- GDP growth
- Annual real change (%)Fiji: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Vanuatu: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Policy interest rate
- Central bank instrument (%)
- Inflation · annual average
- Average annual change in headline CPI (%)Fiji: 2025 · Annual average CPI change (%) · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Vanuatu: 2025 · Annual average CPI change (%) · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
- Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency stated
- Unemployment
- % of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionFiji: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Vanuatu: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Budget balance
- General government (% of GDP)Fiji: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.Vanuatu: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
- Gross public debt
- General government (% of GDP)Fiji: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.Vanuatu: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
- Current account balance
- % of GDPFiji: 2024 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
- Population
- PeopleFiji: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Vanuatu: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Area
- Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourceFiji: 2023 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Vanuatu: 2023 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Military expenditure
- Current USD per year; SIPRI series
- Military expenditure (% of GDP)
- Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship
What they buy and sell
Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.
Fiji to Vanuatu
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
| Dairy products, eggs and honey | 3.2 M USD2025 · Source |
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 1 M USD2025 · Source |
| Pharmaceutical products | 0.934 M USD2025 · Source |
| Machinery and mechanical appliances | 0.445 M USD2025 · Source |
| Meat and edible offal | 0.371 M USD2025 · Source |
| Mineral fuels and oils | 0.198 M USD2025 · Source |
| Vehicles and components | 0.0452 M USD2025 · Source |
Vanuatu to Fiji
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
| Machinery and mechanical appliances | 0.306 M USD2025 · Source |
| Pharmaceutical products | 0.0307 M USD2025 · Source |
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 0.00538 M USD2025 · Source |
| Vehicles and components | 0.00297 M USD2025 · Source |
| Mineral fuels and oils | 0.00000652 M USD2025 · Source |
How trade has changed
Millions of current USD · full calendar years
View chart figures
| Period | Total | Fiji to Vanuatu | Vanuatu to Fiji |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 35.2 | 29.2 | 6 |
| 2022 | 38.1 | 31.6 | 6.5 |
| 2023 | 49.5 | 43.7 | 5.8 |
| 2024 | 40.9 | 33.7 | 7.1 |
| 2025 | 44.4 | 33.3 | 11.1 |
Connections between people
They presented the future median line as a cultural bridge between Melanesian peoples, not merely a geographical division. [1]
Residents, study and travel
Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.
| Indicator | Value | Period / source |
|---|---|---|
| Residents from Fiji living in Vanuatu | ||
| Residents from Vanuatu living in Fiji | ||
| Study and training: Fiji in Vanuatu | ||
| Study and training: Vanuatu in Fiji | ||
| Academic stays: Fiji in Vanuatu | ||
| Academic stays: Vanuatu in Fiji | ||
| Travel: Fiji to Vanuatu | ||
| Travel: Vanuatu to Fiji |
What each figure measures
Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.
Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.
Underlying ties
History, institutions and long-standing issues.
History and institutional framework
Senior officials from Fiji and Vanuatu met in Port Vila on September 4 and 5, 2025. Talks had begun in 2012 and included an earlier round in Suva in 2019, before the interruption caused by the pandemic. [1] [2]
The scale of both economies
Nominal GDP for Fiji is 6.2 billion USD (2025), compared with 1.4 for Vanuatu (2025). The reference populations are 0.933 and 0.335 million, respectively. In the same year, the economy of Fiji was 4.58 times that of Vanuatu in nominal GDP. The comparison provides context on market size, but does not, on its own, measure influence, well-being or diplomatic closeness. Estimates and their sources retain their labels in the tables. [6] [7] [8] [9]
Recent developments
Recent developments and latest available data · Review: 2026-10-08
Cooperation and bilateral issues
The delegations signed an outcome document reaffirming their commitment to complete the outstanding delimitation in a timely and cooperative manner. They presented the future median line as a cultural bridge between Melanesian peoples, not merely a geographical division. The report documents negotiating progress and that document, without claiming that the entire maritime boundary is already resolved. [1] [2]
What merchandise trade shows
In 2025, merchandise trade between the two countries (Fiji and Vanuatu) totalled 44.4 million current USD. Shipments from the first to the second were 33.3 million; those in the opposite direction, 11.1 million. The difference between the two flows was 22.2 million, in favour of Fiji. This is a goods balance, not the total balance of the economic relationship: it excludes services, income and transfers. Both directions come from a single customs reporter to avoid adding mirror records. [3]
The partner's share of exports
Sales from Fiji to the partner represented 3.02% of its worldwide goods exports in 2025. The share compares the same reporter, year and coverage. It measures export concentration, not the percentage of GDP dependent on this relationship. A partner may be important in a specific sector even if its share of total goods trade is small. [3]
Five years of trade trends
The consistent series shows 35.2 million USD in 2021 and 44.4 million in 2025. The change between the two endpoints was +26.1 % in current dollars. The highest annual value in the period was recorded in 2023, at 49.5 million. The chart allows the two directions to be compared to see whether they moved together or differently. The change combines quantities, prices and exchange rates; it is not automatically attributed to a treaty, a visit or a political decision. The same reporter is retained and missing years are not interpolated. [4]
Documented trade sectors
Within the selected chapters, dairy products, eggs and honey stands out in shipments from Fiji to Vanuatu, at 3.2 million USD in 2025. Within the selected chapters, machinery and mechanical appliances stands out in shipments from Vanuatu to Fiji, at 0.306 million USD in 2025. The table compares eight selected chapters with the same coverage as the trade total. It is not a complete list or proof that the first item in this selection is the leading product across the entire relationship. A chapter groups numerous goods: machinery and components, for example, do not describe a single business transaction. [5]
Sources and data
Periods and scope of the figures
Institutional sources and periods accompany each figure. Annual trade, investment positions, residents and visits are distinct measures. Empty cells do not mean zero. Statements of intent are not presented as project implementation or treaties in force.
- Bilateral relations — FJI-VUT
pmo.gov.vu · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Bilateral relations — FJI-VUT
mfaicet.gov.vu · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Bounded matrix; reporter, partner, year, chapter and direction identified in each record
UN Comtrade; reporters DZA, EGY, ETH, FJI, FRA, GAB, GBR, GEO · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Trade series 2021–2025
UN Comtrade / FJI · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Bounded matrix; reporter, partner, year, chapter and direction identified in each record
UN Comtrade; reporters ESP, EST, FJI · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- NY.GDP.MKTP.CD; ISO and reference year; no military dataset expansion
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Official series — gdp
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- SP.POP.TOTL; ISO and reference year; no military dataset expansion
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Official series — population
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
Additional sources on products and human connections
- UN Comtrade; reporters ESP, EST, FJI
2026-10-08 · Accessed: 2026-10-08 · Bounded matrix; reporter, partner, year, chapter and direction identified in each record.