THE WORLD, CONNECTEDGeopolitical Relationship Atlas
BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP

Portugal and Morocco

Portugal and Morocco upgraded their relationship to a strategic partnership in May 2023. Signed instruments cover civil protection, judicial cooperation, social affairs, culture, tourism and ports.

Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-08 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-08

History and institutional framework

António Costa and Aziz Akhannouch presided over the signing of twelve instruments in Lisbon on 12 May 2023, at the end of the 14th high-level meeting and after six years without that format.

What merchandise trade shows

In 2025, goods trade between Portugal and Morocco totalled 1,802 million current USD.

Documented trade sectors

Within the selected chapters, electrical and electronic equipment stands out in shipments from Portugal to Morocco, at 237.5 million USD in 2025.

Bilateral indicators

Blank cells: data unavailable.

Indicators of the relationship between Portugal and Morocco
IndicatorValuePeriod
Goods trade1,802.03 M USD2025 · Comtrade
Goods: Portugal to Morocco1,198.03 M USD2025 · Comtrade
Goods: Morocco to Portugal604.01 M USD2025 · Comtrade
Services trade
Export share: Portugal to Morocco1.34 %2025 · Comtrade
Export share: Morocco to Portugal
Investment stock: Portugal in Morocco
Investment stock: Morocco in Portugal
Definitions and sources

Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.

Goods trade
2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters NGA, PAK, PNG, PRK, PRT, QAT, ROU, RWA · Goods; full calendar year; reporter PRT. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF; no addition of mirror declarations. Both directions are identified from the same customs authority.
Goods: Portugal to Morocco
2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters NGA, PAK, PNG, PRK, PRT, QAT, ROU, RWA · Goods; full calendar year; reporter PRT. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF; no addition of mirror declarations. Both directions are identified from the same customs authority.
Goods: Morocco to Portugal
2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters NGA, PAK, PNG, PRK, PRT, QAT, ROU, RWA · Goods; full calendar year; reporter PRT. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF; no addition of mirror declarations. Both directions are identified from the same customs authority.
Export share: Portugal to Morocco
2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters NGA, PAK, PNG, PRK, PRT, QAT, ROU, RWA · Exports to the partner / worldwide exports by the same reporter; same year and coverage.

Country comparison

Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.

Year-on-year inflation: different periods or frequencies; the two figures are not directly comparable.

Economic and demographic comparison of Portugal and Morocco
IndicatorPortugalMorocco
Nominal GDP346.64 billion USD2025 · WB182.59 billion USDIMF est.2025 · IMF
GDP per capita32,081.81 USD2025 · WB4,841.63 USDIMF est.2025 · IMF
GDP growth1.86 %2025 · WB4.6 %2025 · WB
Policy interest rate2.5 %2026-09-16 · BCE2.25 %2026-10-06 · BAM
Inflation · annual average2.34 %Annual average · 2025 · WB0.7 %Annual average · 2025 · WB
Inflation · latest year-on-year figure3.6 %provisionalprovisionalYear-on-year · Sept. 2026 · INE PT-0.3 %Year-on-year · Aug. 2026 · HCP
Unemployment6.16 %ILO est.2025 · WB9 %ILO est.2025 · WB
Budget balance (% of GDP)0.3 %IMF est.2025 · IMF-3.5 %IMF est.2025 · IMF
Gross public debt (% of GDP)89.9 %IMF est.2025 · IMF67.1 %IMF est.2025 · IMF
Current account balance (% of GDP)1.2 %IMF est.2025 · IMF-2.5 %2025 · WB
Population10,804,871World Bank est.2025 · WB37,712,000IMF est.2025 · IMF
Area92,230 km²2023 · WB446,550 km²2023 · BM / FAO
Military expenditure
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
Definitions, dates and sources

Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.

For Morocco, GDP, population and GDP per capita are estimates from the same IMF (WEO) dataset for 2025. The per-capita figure published by the IMF is used, rather than a calculation of our own. The earlier World Bank series could not be reconciled and are not mixed with this dataset. Review: 2026-10-07. IMF data terms of use0

Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0

Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.

Nominal GDP
Current USDPortugal: 2025 · World BankMorocco: 2025 · Nominal GDP in current USD · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est. · IMF estimate (WEO). GDP, GDP per capita and population for this country come from the same WEO query for 2025; no separate GDP-per-capita figure has been calculated.
GDP per capita
Current USD per personPortugal: 2025 · World BankMorocco: 2025 · Nominal GDP per capita in current USD · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est. · IMF estimate (WEO). GDP, GDP per capita and population for this country come from the same WEO query for 2025; no separate GDP-per-capita figure has been calculated.
GDP growth
Annual real change (%)Portugal: 2025 · World BankMorocco: 2025 · World Bank
Policy interest rate
Central bank instrument (%)Portugal: 2026-09-16 · ECB: deposit facility; shared euro-area rate · European Central BankMorocco: 2026-10-06 · Bank Al-Maghrib policy rate · Bank Al-Maghrib · Date of the latest observation in the official chart; not a new monetary-policy decision. · Alternative official source; verified 2026-10-06
Inflation · annual average
Average annual change in headline CPI (%)Portugal: 2025 · Annual average change in the CPI (%) · World BankMorocco: 2025 · Annual average change in the CPI (%) · World Bank
Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency statedPortugal: 2026-09 · Change in headline CPI from the same month of the previous year (%) · Portugal INE · Published: 2026-09-30 · provisional · Provisional · National headline CPI, year-on-year, not monthly inflation or an annual average. Provisional data or an official advance release; subject to revision.Morocco: 2026-08 · Change in headline CPI from the same month of the previous year (%) · Morocco's Haut-Commissariat au Plan · Published: 2026-09-22 · National headline CPI: a decrease of 0.3% compared with August 2025. The monthly increase of 0.8% is a different measure; a regional index is not used.
Unemployment
% of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionPortugal: 2025 · World Bank · ILO est.Morocco: 2025 · World Bank · ILO est.
Budget balance
General government (% of GDP)Portugal: 2025 · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est.Morocco: 2025 · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est.
Gross public debt
General government (% of GDP)Portugal: 2025 · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est.Morocco: 2025 · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est.
Current account balance
% of GDPPortugal: 2025 · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est. · Current-account balance as a percentage of GDP; IMF WEO estimate for PRT.Morocco: 2025 · World Bank
Population
PeoplePortugal: 2025 · World Bank · World Bank est. · Extrapolated estimate identified by the World Bank; not a census count for 2025.Morocco: 2025 · Population from the WEO series; do not mix with the denominator from another source · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est. · IMF estimate (WEO). GDP, GDP per capita and population for this country come from the same WEO query for 2025; no separate GDP-per-capita figure has been calculated.
Area
Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourcePortugal: 2023 · Area according to the series' coverage; does not determine sovereignty or effective control · World BankMorocco: 2023 · Total area, including inland waters; source's territorial coverage · World Bank · FAO
Military expenditure
Current USD per year; SIPRI series
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship

What they buy and sell

Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.

Portugal to Morocco

2025

Selected products exported from Portugal to Morocco
Product or sectorValue / share
Electrical and electronic equipment237.5 M USD2025 · Source
Vehicles and components234.4 M USD2025 · Source
Machinery and mechanical appliances116.5 M USD2025 · Source
Mineral fuels and oils52 M USD2025 · Source
Dairy products, eggs and honey5.5 M USD2025 · Source
Pharmaceutical products4.9 M USD2025 · Source
Meat and edible offal0.238 M USD2025 · Source

Selection of eight chapters, not an exhaustive ranking. Same reporter, year and coverage as the total. Unpublished chapters are not imputed. UN Comtrade; reporters PRT, PRY, ROU

Morocco to Portugal

2025

Selected products exported from Morocco to Portugal
Product or sectorValue / share
Vehicles and components231.7 M USD2025 · Source
Electrical and electronic equipment134.6 M USD2025 · Source
Machinery and mechanical appliances3.1 M USD2025 · Source
Pharmaceutical products2 M USD2025 · Source
Dairy products, eggs and honey0.0000843 M USD2025 · Source

Selection of eight chapters, not an exhaustive ranking. Same reporter, year and coverage as the total. Unpublished chapters are not imputed. UN Comtrade; reporters PRT, PRY, ROU

How trade has changed

Billions of current USD · full calendar years

TotalPortugal to MoroccoMorocco to Portugal
Goods trade between Portugal and MoroccoGoods; full calendar years 2021–2025; same reporter PRT; current USD, not adjusted for inflation. Complete data in the table following the chart.00.511.5220212022202320242025

Goods; full calendar years 2021–2025; same reporter PRT; current USD, not adjusted for inflation. UN Comtrade / PRT · Accessed: 2026-10-08.

View chart figures
Millions of current USD
PeriodTotalPortugal to MoroccoMorocco to Portugal
20211,3411,026.5314.4
20221,085.1716.6368.5
20231,599.91,100.2499.7
20241,793.41,232.3561
20251,8021,198604

Connections between people

The memoranda include youth, women's rights, non-discrimination, judicial training, rural communities and labour affairs. A programme was agreed to implement cultural and scientific cooperation through 2025. [1]

Residents, study and travel

Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.

Indicators of human connections between Portugal and Morocco
IndicatorValuePeriod / source
Residents from Portugal living in Morocco
Residents from Morocco living in Portugal
Study and training: Portugal in Morocco
Study and training: Morocco in Portugal
Academic stays: Portugal in Morocco
Academic stays: Morocco in Portugal
Travel: Portugal to Morocco
Travel: Morocco to Portugal
What each figure measures

Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.

Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.

Underlying ties

History, institutions and long-standing issues.

History and institutional framework

António Costa and Aziz Akhannouch presided over the signing of twelve instruments in Lisbon on 12 May 2023, at the end of the 14th high-level meeting and after six years without that format. The civil protection agreement provides for mutual assistance in disasters; Portugal thanked Morocco for support with Canadair aircraft during previous summers. [1]

The scale of both economies

Nominal GDP for Portugal is 346.6 billion USD (2025), compared with 182.6 for Morocco (2025). The reference populations are 10.8 and 37.71 million, respectively. In the same year, the economy of Portugal was 1.9 times that of Morocco in nominal GDP. The comparison provides context on market size, but does not, on its own, measure influence, well-being or diplomatic closeness. Estimates and their sources retain their labels in the tables. [5] [6] [7] [8]

Recent developments

Recent developments and latest available data · Review: 2026-10-08

Cooperation and bilateral issues

The memoranda include youth, women's rights, non-discrimination, judicial training, rural communities and labour affairs. A programme was agreed to implement cultural and scientific cooperation through 2025. The 2030 football bid is mentioned as a joint project at the time, not as an outcome of that summit. [1]

What merchandise trade shows

In 2025, merchandise trade between the two countries (Portugal and Morocco) totalled 1,802 million current USD. Shipments from the first to the second were 1,198 million; those in the opposite direction, 604 million. The difference between the two flows was 594 million, in favour of Portugal. This is a goods balance, not the total balance of the economic relationship: it excludes services, income and transfers. Both directions come from a single customs reporter to avoid adding mirror records. [2]

The partner's share of exports

Sales from Portugal to the partner represented 1.34% of its worldwide goods exports in 2025. The share compares the same reporter, year and coverage. It measures export concentration, not the percentage of GDP dependent on this relationship. A partner may be important in a specific sector even if its share of total goods trade is small. [2]

Five years of trade trends

The consistent series shows 1,341 million USD in 2021 and 1,802 million in 2025. The change between the two endpoints was +34.4 % in current dollars. The highest annual value in the period was recorded in 2025, at 1,802 million. The chart allows the two directions to be compared to see whether they moved together or differently. The change combines quantities, prices and exchange rates; it is not automatically attributed to a treaty, a visit or a political decision. The same reporter is retained and missing years are not interpolated. [3]

Documented trade sectors

Within the selected chapters, electrical and electronic equipment stands out in shipments from Portugal to Morocco, at 237.5 million USD in 2025. Within the selected chapters, vehicles and components stands out in shipments from Morocco to Portugal, at 231.7 million USD in 2025. The table compares eight selected chapters with the same coverage as the trade total. It is not a complete list or proof that the first item in this selection is the leading product across the entire relationship. A chapter groups numerous goods: machinery and components, for example, do not describe a single business transaction. [4]

Sources and data

Periods and scope of the figures

Institutional sources and periods accompany each figure. Annual trade, investment positions, residents and visits are distinct measures. Empty cells do not mean zero. Statements of intent are not presented as project implementation or treaties in force.

  1. Bilateral relations — PRT-MAR

    portugal.gov.pt · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08

  2. Bounded matrix; reporter, partner, year, chapter and direction identified in each record

    UN Comtrade; reporters NGA, PAK, PNG, PRK, PRT, QAT, ROU, RWA · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08

  3. Trade series 2021–2025

    UN Comtrade / PRT · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08

  4. Bounded matrix; reporter, partner, year, chapter and direction identified in each record

    UN Comtrade; reporters PRT, PRY, ROU · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08

  5. Official statistics

    World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07

  6. Official statistics

    IMF — World Economic Outlook · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08

  7. Official statistics

    World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07

  8. Official statistics

    IMF — World Economic Outlook · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08

Additional sources on products and human connections