Burundi and Sudan
Dialogue between Burundi and Sudan has focused on the Sudanese war and potential Burundian diplomatic support. Meetings in 2025 and 2026 record requests for cooperation for peace and the preparation of memoranda, not a bilateral security operation already deployed.
Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-08 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-08Bilateral context
On 29 June 2026, Edouard Bizimana received Sudanese Ambassador Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed Awadelseed, resident in Kampala, in Bujumbura at the conclusion of his mission.
Cooperation and bilateral issues
He also proposed completing the signing of memoranda, meaning these actions remained pending.
Bilateral indicators
Blank cells: data unavailable.
| Indicator | Value | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Goods trade | ||
| Goods: Burundi to Sudan | ||
| Goods: Sudan to Burundi | ||
| Services trade | ||
| Export share: Burundi to Sudan | ||
| Export share: Sudan to Burundi | ||
| Investment stock: Burundi in Sudan | ||
| Investment stock: Sudan in Burundi |
Definitions and sources
Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.
Country comparison
Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.
| Indicator | Burundi | Sudan |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal GDP | 3.36 billion USD2025 · WB | 60.16 billion USD2025 · WB |
| GDP per capita | 233.82 USD2025 · WB | 1,164.54 USD2025 · WB |
| GDP growth | 4.24 %2025 · WB | 3.06 %2025 · WB |
| Policy interest rate | ||
| Inflation · annual average | 34.13 %Annual average · 2025 · WB | |
| Inflation · latest year-on-year figure | ||
| Unemployment | 0.92 %ILO est.2025 · WB | |
| Budget balance (% of GDP) | -3 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | -3.1 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Gross public debt (% of GDP) | 41.2 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | 187.6 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Current account balance (% of GDP) | -13.71 %2025 · WB | |
| Population | 14,390,0032025 · WB | 51,662,1472025 · WB |
| Area | 27,830 km²2023 · WB | |
| Military expenditure | ||
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) |
Definitions, dates and sources
Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.
Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0
Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.
- Nominal GDP
- Current USDBurundi: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Sudan: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
- GDP per capita
- Current USD per personBurundi: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Sudan: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
- GDP growth
- Annual real change (%)Burundi: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Sudan: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
- Policy interest rate
- Central bank instrument (%)
- Inflation · annual average
- Average annual change in headline CPI (%)Burundi: 2025 · Annual average CPI change (%) · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
- Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency stated
- Unemployment
- % of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionBurundi: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Budget balance
- General government (% of GDP)Burundi: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.Sudan: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
- Gross public debt
- General government (% of GDP)Burundi: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.Sudan: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
- Current account balance
- % of GDPBurundi: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Population
- PeopleBurundi: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Sudan: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
- Area
- Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourceBurundi: 2023 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Military expenditure
- Current USD per year; SIPRI series
- Military expenditure (% of GDP)
- Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship
What they buy and sell
Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.
Burundi to Sudan
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
Sudan to Burundi
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
Connections between people
On 29 June 2026, Edouard Bizimana received Sudanese Ambassador Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed Awadelseed, resident in Kampala, in Bujumbura at the conclusion of his mission. Bizimana expressed readiness to support peace and placed the Sudanese crisis on the agenda of Burundi's African Union presidency. The earlier meeting on 28 May 2025 brought Évariste Ndayishimiye and Malik Agar Eyre together in Kampala, where the Burundian president advocated dialogue and diplomatic means to resolve the conflict. [1] [2]
Residents, study and travel
Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.
| Indicator | Value | Period / source |
|---|---|---|
| Residents from Burundi living in Sudan | ||
| Residents from Sudan living in Burundi | ||
| Study and training: Burundi in Sudan | ||
| Study and training: Sudan in Burundi | ||
| Academic stays: Burundi in Sudan | ||
| Academic stays: Sudan in Burundi | ||
| Travel: Burundi to Sudan | ||
| Travel: Sudan to Burundi |
What each figure measures
Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.
Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.
Underlying ties
History, institutions and long-standing issues.
The scale of both economies
Nominal GDP for Burundi is 3.4 billion USD (2025), compared with 60.2 for Sudan (2025). The reference populations are 14.39 and 51.66 million, respectively. In the same year, the economy of Burundi was 0.0559 times that of Sudan in nominal GDP. The comparison provides context on market size, but does not, on its own, measure influence, well-being or diplomatic closeness. Estimates and their sources retain their labels in the tables. [3] [4] [5] [6]
Recent developments
Recent developments and latest available data · Review: 2026-10-08
Bilateral context
On 29 June 2026, Edouard Bizimana received Sudanese Ambassador Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed Awadelseed, resident in Kampala, in Bujumbura at the conclusion of his mission. The Sudanese representative requested support drawing on Burundi's peacekeeping experience and recalled commitments discussed at the September 2025 summit of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region. [1] [2]
Cooperation and bilateral issues
He also proposed completing the signing of memoranda, meaning these actions remained pending. Bizimana expressed readiness to support peace and placed the Sudanese crisis on the agenda of Burundi's African Union presidency. The earlier meeting on 28 May 2025 brought Évariste Ndayishimiye and Malik Agar Eyre together in Kampala, where the Burundian president advocated dialogue and diplomatic means to resolve the conflict. [1] [2]
Kampala meeting
On 28 May 2025, Ndayishimiye received the vice-president of Sudan's Transitional Sovereignty Council, Malik Agar Eyre. Burundi reported a request for support and its commitment to a solution through dialogue. [2]
Sources and data
Periods and scope of the figures
Institutional sources and periods accompany each figure. Annual trade, investment positions, residents and visits are distinct measures. Empty cells do not mean zero. Statements of intent are not presented as project implementation or treaties in force.
- Bilateral relations — BDI-SDN
www.mae.gov.bi · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Bilateral relations — BDI-SDN
www.mae.gov.bi · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Official series — gdp
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- NY.GDP.MKTP.CD; ISO and reference year; no military dataset expansion
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Official series — population
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- SP.POP.TOTL; ISO and reference year; no military dataset expansion
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08