Cuba and Jamaica
Cuba and Jamaica maintain healthcare and Caribbean ties, but the Cuban medical mission faced a change of framework in March 2026. Jamaica sought adjustments compatible with its legislation and international commitments.
Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-08 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-08History and institutional framework
In the budget debate on 19 March 2026, Andrew Holness expressed hope of reaching a new arrangement as the existing Cuban medical mission ended.
What merchandise trade shows
In 2025, goods trade between Cuba and Jamaica totalled 2.1 million current USD.
Documented trade sectors
Within the selected chapters, machinery and mechanical appliances stands out in shipments from Cuba to Jamaica, at 0.0000558 million USD in 2025.
Bilateral indicators
Blank cells: data unavailable.
| Indicator | Value | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Goods trade | 2.13 M USD | 2025 · Comtrade |
| Goods: Cuba to Jamaica | 0.231 M USD | 2025 · Comtrade |
| Goods: Jamaica to Cuba | 1.89 M USD | 2025 · Comtrade |
| Services trade | ||
| Export share: Cuba to Jamaica | ||
| Export share: Jamaica to Cuba | 0.115 % | 2025 · Comtrade |
| Investment stock: Cuba in Jamaica | ||
| Investment stock: Jamaica in Cuba |
Definitions and sources
Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.
- Goods trade
- 2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters GHA, GMB, GNB, GNQ, GRC, GTM, HRV, IRL, IRQ, ISR, JAM, JOR · Goods; full calendar year; reporter JAM. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF; no addition of mirror declarations. Both directions are identified from the same customs authority.
- Goods: Cuba to Jamaica
- 2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters GHA, GMB, GNB, GNQ, GRC, GTM, HRV, IRL, IRQ, ISR, JAM, JOR · Goods; full calendar year; reporter JAM. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF; no addition of mirror declarations. Both directions are identified from the same customs authority.
- Goods: Jamaica to Cuba
- 2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters GHA, GMB, GNB, GNQ, GRC, GTM, HRV, IRL, IRQ, ISR, JAM, JOR · Goods; full calendar year; reporter JAM. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF; no addition of mirror declarations. Both directions are identified from the same customs authority.
- Export share: Jamaica to Cuba
- 2025 · UN Comtrade; reporters GHA, GMB, GNB, GNQ, GRC, GTM, HRV, IRL, IRQ, ISR, JAM, JOR · Exports to the partner / worldwide exports by the same reporter; same year and coverage.
Country comparison
Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.
Some annual indicators refer to different years. Check the period beside each value before comparing them.
| Indicator | Cuba | Jamaica |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal GDP | 22.7 billion USD2025 · WB | |
| GDP per capita | 8,002.92 USD2025 · WB | |
| GDP growth | -1.06 %2024 · WB | 0.08 %2025 · WB |
| Policy interest rate | ||
| Inflation · annual average | 4 %Annual average · 2025 · WB | |
| Inflation · latest year-on-year figure | ||
| Unemployment | 1.75 %ILO est.2025 · WB | 3.29 %ILO est.2025 · WB |
| Budget balance (% of GDP) | -3.8 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | |
| Gross public debt (% of GDP) | 67.7 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | |
| Current account balance (% of GDP) | 3.08 %2024 · WB | |
| Population | 10,937,2032025 · WB | 2,837,0772025 · WB |
| Area | 109,880 km²2023 · WB | 10,990 km²2023 · WB |
| Military expenditure | ||
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) |
Definitions, dates and sources
Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.
Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0
Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.
- Nominal GDP
- Current USDJamaica: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- GDP per capita
- Current USD per personJamaica: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- GDP growth
- Annual real change (%)Cuba: 2024 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Jamaica: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Policy interest rate
- Central bank instrument (%)
- Inflation · annual average
- Average annual change in headline CPI (%)Jamaica: 2025 · Annual average CPI change (%) · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
- Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency stated
- Unemployment
- % of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionCuba: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Jamaica: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Budget balance
- General government (% of GDP)Jamaica: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
- Gross public debt
- General government (% of GDP)Jamaica: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
- Current account balance
- % of GDPJamaica: 2024 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Population
- PeopleCuba: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Jamaica: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Area
- Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourceCuba: 2023 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Jamaica: 2023 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Military expenditure
- Current USD per year; SIPRI series
- Military expenditure (% of GDP)
- Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship
What they buy and sell
Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.
Cuba to Jamaica
Jamaica to Cuba
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
| Dairy products, eggs and honey | 0.101 M USD2025 · Source |
| Vehicles and components | 0.0442 M USD2025 · Source |
| Mineral fuels and oils | 0.0149 M USD2025 · Source |
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 0.00216 M USD2025 · Source |
| Machinery and mechanical appliances | 0.00012 M USD2025 · Source |
How trade has changed
Millions of current USD · full calendar years
View chart figures
| Period | Total | Cuba to Jamaica | Jamaica to Cuba |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 5.1 | 2.1 | 3 |
| 2022 | 5.6 | 0.745 | 4.9 |
| 2023 | 9.1 | 0.186 | 8.9 |
| 2024 | 3.9 | 0.699 | 3.2 |
| 2025 | 2.1 | 0.231 | 1.9 |
Connections between people
Contacts between people and relations between governments are distinct dimensions. Published counts appear in the table with their date and definition; a resident community is not inferred from trade or diplomatic representation. [1]
Residents, study and travel
Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.
| Indicator | Value | Period / source |
|---|---|---|
| Residents from Cuba living in Jamaica | ||
| Residents from Jamaica living in Cuba | ||
| Study and training: Cuba in Jamaica | ||
| Study and training: Jamaica in Cuba | ||
| Academic stays: Cuba in Jamaica | ||
| Academic stays: Jamaica in Cuba | ||
| Travel: Cuba to Jamaica | ||
| Travel: Jamaica to Cuba |
What each figure measures
Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.
Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.
Underlying ties
History, institutions and long-standing issues.
History and institutional framework
In the budget debate on 19 March 2026, Andrew Holness expressed hope of reaching a new arrangement as the existing Cuban medical mission ended. He acknowledged Cuban doctors' and nurses' contribution to Jamaica's hospital system. [1] [2]
Recent developments
Recent developments and latest available data · Review: 2026-10-08
Cooperation and bilateral issues
He explained that Jamaica reviewed the program following US concerns and proposed changes to Cuba, especially concerning remuneration, to align it with national laws and international conventions. The statement does not announce a new agreement already concluded. Holness also recalled parliamentary debates on the embargo against Cuba and support for the island channeled through CARICOM. [1] [2]
What merchandise trade shows
In 2025, merchandise trade between the two countries (Cuba and Jamaica) totalled 2.1 million current USD. Shipments from the first to the second were 0.231 million; those in the opposite direction, 1.9 million. The difference between the two flows was 1.7 million, in favour of Jamaica. This is a goods balance, not the total balance of the economic relationship: it excludes services, income and transfers. Both directions come from a single customs reporter to avoid adding mirror records. [3]
The partner's share of exports
Sales from Jamaica to the partner represented 0.115% of its worldwide goods exports in 2025. The share compares the same reporter, year and coverage. It measures export concentration, not the percentage of GDP dependent on this relationship. A partner may be important in a specific sector even if its share of total goods trade is small. [3]
Five years of trade trends
The consistent series shows 5.1 million USD in 2021 and 2.1 million in 2025. The change between the two endpoints was -58.5 % in current dollars. The highest annual value in the period was recorded in 2023, at 9.1 million. The chart allows the two directions to be compared to see whether they moved together or differently. The change combines quantities, prices and exchange rates; it is not automatically attributed to a treaty, a visit or a political decision. The same reporter is retained and missing years are not interpolated. [4]
Documented trade sectors
Within the selected chapters, machinery and mechanical appliances stands out in shipments from Cuba to Jamaica, at 0.0000558 million USD in 2025. Within the selected chapters, dairy products, eggs and honey stands out in shipments from Jamaica to Cuba, at 0.101 million USD in 2025. The table compares eight selected chapters with the same coverage as the trade total. It is not a complete list or proof that the first item in this selection is the leading product across the entire relationship. A chapter groups numerous goods: machinery and components, for example, do not describe a single business transaction. [5]
Sources and data
Periods and scope of the figures
Institutional sources and periods accompany each figure. Annual trade, investment positions, residents and visits are distinct measures. Empty cells do not mean zero. Statements of intent are not presented as project implementation or treaties in force.
- Bilateral relations — CUB-JAM
jis.gov.jm · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Bilateral relations — CUB-JAM
mfaft.gov.jm · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Bounded matrix; reporter, partner, year, chapter and direction identified in each record
UN Comtrade; reporters GHA, GMB, GNB, GNQ, GRC, GTM, HRV, IRL, IRQ, ISR, JAM, JOR · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Trade series 2021–2025
UN Comtrade / JAM · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
- Bounded matrix; reporter, partner, year, chapter and direction identified in each record
UN Comtrade; reporters ITA, JAM, JPN · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08
Additional sources on products and human connections
- UN Comtrade; reporters ITA, JAM, JPN
2026-10-08 · Accessed: 2026-10-08 · Bounded matrix; reporter, partner, year, chapter and direction identified in each record.