THE WORLD, CONNECTEDGeopolitical Relationship Atlas
BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP

Kenya and Eritrea

Contacts between Kenya and Eritrea combine regional diplomacy, small-scale trade and an announced agreement to facilitate travel. Stated economic opportunities are not the same as completed projects.

Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-24 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-07

Diplomacy

Kenya’s mission in Cairo is accredited to Eritrea.

Announced mobility agreement

The bilateral visa announcement dates from February 2023.

Bilateral indicators

Blank cells: data unavailable.

Indicators of the relationship between Kenya and Eritrea
IndicatorValuePeriod
Goods trade
Goods: Kenya to Eritrea
Goods: Eritrea to Kenya
Services trade
Export share: Kenya to Eritrea
Export share: Eritrea to Kenya
Investment stock: Kenya in Eritrea
Investment stock: Eritrea in Kenya
Definitions and sources

Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.

Country comparison

Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.

Economic and demographic comparison of Kenya and Eritrea
IndicatorKenyaEritrea
Nominal GDP135.94 billion USD2025 · WB
GDP per capita2,362.86 USD2025 · WB
GDP growth4.63 %2025 · WB
Policy interest rate
Inflation · annual average4.07 %Annual average · 2025 · WB
Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
Unemployment5.45 %ILO est.2025 · WB5.98 %ILO est.2025 · WB
Budget balance (% of GDP)-6.4 %IMF est.2025 · IMF
Gross public debt (% of GDP)69.3 %IMF est.2025 · IMF
Current account balance (% of GDP)-1.29 %2024 · WB
Population57,532,4932025 · WB3,607,0032025 · WB
Area591,969 km²2023 · WB121,766 km²2023 · WB
Military expenditure
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
Definitions, dates and sources

Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.

Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0

Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.

Nominal GDP
Current USDKenya: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
GDP per capita
Current USD per personKenya: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
GDP growth
Annual real change (%)Kenya: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
Policy interest rate
Central bank instrument (%)
Inflation · annual average
Average annual change in headline CPI (%)Kenya: 2025 · Annual average CPI change (%) · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency stated
Unemployment
% of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionKenya: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Eritrea: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
Budget balance
General government (% of GDP)Kenya: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
Gross public debt
General government (% of GDP)Kenya: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
Current account balance
% of GDPKenya: 2024 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.
Population
PeopleKenya: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Eritrea: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
Area
Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourceKenya: 2023 · World Bank · Official World Bank series. Observation year, not download date.Eritrea: 2023 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
Military expenditure
Current USD per year; SIPRI series
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship

What they buy and sell

Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.

Kenya to Eritrea

Trade composition unavailable from Kenya to Eritrea
Product or sectorValue / share

Eritrea to Kenya

Trade composition unavailable from Eritrea to Kenya
Product or sectorValue / share

Connections between people

A comparable series of tourists, residents or students in both directions has not been verified.

Residents, study and travel

Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.

Indicators of human connections between Kenya and Eritrea
IndicatorValuePeriod / source
Residents from Kenya living in Eritrea
Residents from Eritrea living in Kenya
Study and training: Kenya in Eritrea
Study and training: Eritrea in Kenya
Academic stays: Kenya in Eritrea
Academic stays: Eritrea in Kenya
Travel: Kenya to Eritrea
Travel: Eritrea to Kenya
What each figure measures

Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.

Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.

Underlying ties

History, institutions and long-standing issues.

Diplomatic representation from Cairo

Kenya’s foreign ministry directory also accredits its embassy in Cairo to Eritrea. This representation provides a diplomatic channel without the directory documenting a resident Kenyan embassy in Asmara. A mission’s location should not be confused with the existence or absence of diplomatic relations. [2]

Small trade flows in the historical figures

Kenya’s presidency cited bilateral trade of 73.4 million shillings in 2020. This is a historical reference, not a current figure. [1]

Recent developments

Recent developments and latest available data · Reviewed: 2026-10-24

The mobility agreement announced in 2023

On 9 February 2023 both governments announced the removal of visa requirements. Travellers should check current requirements before departure. [1]

The relationship within the Horn of Africa

Regional security affects travel and economic activity. The British travel information consulted warns of tensions between Eritrea and Ethiopia and risks near Eritrean borders. This is regional context: it is not evidence of a conflict between Kenya and Eritrea and does not establish a bilateral military alliance. [3]

Sources and data

Periods and scope of the figures

The trade reference is historical. A visa announcement does not measure completed trips.

  1. Kenya–Eritrea visa announcement

    Presidency of Kenya · Institutional source · Document: 2023-02-09 · Accessed: 2026-10-24

  2. Diplomatic Missions

    Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kenya · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-24

  3. Eritrea travel advice

    UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-24

Additional sources on products and human connections