Venezuela and Cuba
Venezuela and Cuba maintain diplomatic coordination in Latin American and Caribbean forums. Their foreign ministers met in Bogotá in March 2026 to review the relationship and regional situation, with particular Venezuelan emphasis on rejecting sanctions against Cuba.
Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-08 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-08Bilateral context
Yván Gil and Bruno Rodríguez spoke during the tenth CELAC summit and the CELAC–Africa high-level forum held in Bogotá, according to Venezuela's foreign ministry on 21 March 2026.
Cooperation and bilateral issues
He reiterated Venezuelan solidarity with Cuba against the embargo, termed a blockade by both governments, and advocated lifting unilateral coercive measures.
Cooperation and bilateral issues
He reiterated Venezuelan solidarity with Cuba against the embargo, termed a blockade by both governments, and advocated lifting unilateral coercive measures.
Bilateral indicators
Blank cells: data unavailable.
| Indicator | Value | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Goods trade | ||
| Goods: Venezuela to Cuba | ||
| Goods: Cuba to Venezuela | ||
| Services trade | ||
| Export share: Venezuela to Cuba | ||
| Export share: Cuba to Venezuela | ||
| Investment stock: Venezuela in Cuba | ||
| Investment stock: Cuba in Venezuela |
Definitions and sources
Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.
Country comparison
Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.
Some annual indicators refer to different years. Check the period beside each value before comparing them.
| Indicator | Venezuela | Cuba |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal GDP | 99.66 billion USD2025 · WB | |
| GDP per capita | 3,494.81 USD2025 · WB | |
| GDP growth | 1.57 %2025 · WB | -1.06 %2024 · WB |
| Policy interest rate | ||
| Inflation · annual average | ||
| Inflation · latest year-on-year figure | ||
| Unemployment | 5.31 %ILO est.2025 · WB | 1.75 %ILO est.2025 · WB |
| Budget balance (% of GDP) | -5.8 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | |
| Gross public debt (% of GDP) | 308.7 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | |
| Current account balance (% of GDP) | ||
| Population | 28,516,8962025 · WB | 10,937,2032025 · WB |
| Area | 912,050 km²2023 · WB | 109,880 km²2023 · WB |
| Military expenditure | ||
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) |
Definitions, dates and sources
Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.
Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0
Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.
- Nominal GDP
- Current USDVenezuela: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- GDP per capita
- Current USD per personVenezuela: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- GDP growth
- Annual real change (%)Venezuela: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Cuba: 2024 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Policy interest rate
- Central bank instrument (%)
- Inflation · annual average
- Average annual change in headline CPI (%)
- Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
- Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency stated
- Unemployment
- % of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionVenezuela: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Cuba: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Budget balance
- General government (% of GDP)Venezuela: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
- Gross public debt
- General government (% of GDP)Venezuela: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
- Current account balance
- % of GDP
- Population
- PeopleVenezuela: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Cuba: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Area
- Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourceVenezuela: 2023 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.Cuba: 2023 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
- Military expenditure
- Current USD per year; SIPRI series
- Military expenditure (% of GDP)
- Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship
What they buy and sell
Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.
Venezuela to Cuba
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
Cuba to Venezuela
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
Connections between people
Residents, study and travel
Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.
| Indicator | Value | Period / source |
|---|---|---|
| Residents from Venezuela living in Cuba | ||
| Residents from Cuba living in Venezuela | ||
| Study and training: Venezuela in Cuba | ||
| Study and training: Cuba in Venezuela | ||
| Academic stays: Venezuela in Cuba | ||
| Academic stays: Cuba in Venezuela | ||
| Travel: Venezuela to Cuba | ||
| Travel: Cuba to Venezuela |
What each figure measures
Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.
Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.
Underlying ties
History, institutions and long-standing issues.
Bilateral context
Yván Gil and Bruno Rodríguez spoke during the tenth CELAC summit and the CELAC–Africa high-level forum held in Bogotá, according to Venezuela's foreign ministry on 21 March 2026. Gil described the meeting as a review of historical ties and the regional geopolitical situation. [1]
Recent developments
Recent developments and latest available data · Review: 2026-10-08
Cooperation and bilateral issues
He reiterated Venezuelan solidarity with Cuba against the embargo, termed a blockade by both governments, and advocated lifting unilateral coercive measures. The bilateral contact thus took place within two multilateral dialogue settings. The Venezuelan communication documents that political coordination and its foreign minister's position, without announcing a new economic programme or sectoral agreement. [1]
Sources and data
Periods and scope of the figures
Institutional sources and periods accompany each figure. Annual trade, investment positions, residents and visits are distinct measures. Empty cells do not mean zero. Statements of intent are not presented as project implementation or treaties in force.
- Bilateral relations — VEN-CUB
mppre.gob.ve · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08