Australia and Mexico
Australia and Mexico connect trans-Pacific trade, mining, training and investment. The CPTPP and contacts in international organizations complement bilateral agreements.
Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-07 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-07Trade and investment
The agenda includes agribusiness, education, oil and gas, infrastructure financing and mining services.
Bilateral indicators
Blank cells: data unavailable.
| Indicator | Value | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Goods trade | 3,828.51 M USD | 2025 · UN Comtrade / AUS |
| Goods: Australia to Mexico | 427.19 M USD | 2025 · UN Comtrade / AUS |
| Goods: Mexico to Australia | 3,401.32 M USD | 2025 · UN Comtrade / AUS |
| Services trade | ||
| Export share: Australia to Mexico | 0.13 % | 2025 · UN Comtrade / AUS |
| Export share: Mexico to Australia | ||
| Investment stock: Australia in Mexico | ||
| Investment stock: Mexico in Australia |
Definitions and sources
Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.
- Goods trade
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / AUS · Goods; full year; reporter AUS. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF according to the reporter's coverage. Mirror reports are not added together.
- Goods: Australia to Mexico
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / AUS · Goods; full year; reporter AUS. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF according to the reporter's coverage. Mirror reports are not added together.
- Goods: Mexico to Australia
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / AUS · Goods; full year; reporter AUS. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF according to the reporter's coverage. Mirror reports are not added together.
- Export share: Australia to Mexico
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / AUS · Goods share: AUS exports to the partner / exports by the same reporter to the world, same year.
Country comparison
Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.
Year-on-year inflation: different periods or frequencies; the two figures are not directly comparable.
| Indicator | Australia | Mexico |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal GDP | 1.8 trillion USD2025 · WB | 1.83 trillion USD2025 · WB |
| GDP per capita | 65,129.72 USD2025 · WB | 13,889.23 USD2025 · WB |
| GDP growth | 1.35 %2025 · WB | 0.56 %2025 · WB |
| Policy interest rate | 4.6 %2026-09-29 · RBA | 6.5 %2026-09-24 · Banxico |
| Inflation · annual average | 2.87 %Annual average · 2025 · WB | 3.81 %Annual average · 2025 · WB |
| Inflation · latest year-on-year figure | 4 %Headline CPI · 2026-08 · year-on-year · ABS | 3.42 %Year-on-year · first fortnight of Sept. 2026 · INEGI |
| Unemployment | 4.09 %ILO est.2025 · WB | 2.67 %ILO est.2025 · WB |
| Budget balance (% of GDP) | -2.8 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | -4.9 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Gross public debt (% of GDP) | 51 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | 61.8 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Current account balance (% of GDP) | -2.68 %2025 · WB | -0.45 %2025 · WB |
| Population | 27,614,4112025 · WB | 131,946,9002025 · WB |
| Area | 7,741,220 km²2023 · WB | 1,957,194 km²2023 · BM / FAO |
| Military expenditure | ||
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) |
Definitions, dates and sources
Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.
Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0
Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.
- Nominal GDP
- Current USDAustralia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Mexico: 2025 · World Bank
- GDP per capita
- Current USD per personAustralia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Mexico: 2025 · World Bank
- GDP growth
- Annual real change (%)Australia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Mexico: 2025 · World Bank
- Policy interest rate
- Central bank instrument (%)Australia: 2026-09-29 · Cash rate target · RBA · Official central-bank decision; not a commercial lending rate or a bill yield.Mexico: 2026-09-24 · Overnight interbank rate target · Bank of Mexico
- Inflation · annual average
- Average annual change in headline CPI (%)Australia: 2025 · Annual average change in the CPI (%) · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Mexico: 2025 · Average annual CPI change (%) · World Bank
- Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
- Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency statedAustralia: 2026-08 · National headline CPI, change from the same month of the previous year · ABS · Published: 2026-09-30 · Official monthly data. Not mixed with the annual average. · Alternative official source; verified 2026-10-07Mexico: 2026-09-Q1 · Headline CPI change relative to the same fortnight of the previous year (%) · INEGI · Published: 2026-09-24 · First fortnight of September relative to the same fortnight of 2025; not full-month September CPI or the 0.33% fortnightly change. The monthly September figure had not yet been published on the review date.
- Unemployment
- % of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionAustralia: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate, % of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Mexico: 2025 · World Bank · ILO est.
- Budget balance
- General government (% of GDP)Australia: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO estimate, not a monthly observation. Retains the country's fiscal year where it differs from the calendar year.Mexico: 2025 · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est.
- Gross public debt
- General government (% of GDP)Australia: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO estimate, not a monthly observation. Retains the country's fiscal year where it differs from the calendar year.Mexico: 2025 · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est.
- Current account balance
- % of GDPAustralia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Mexico: 2025 · World Bank
- Population
- PeopleAustralia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Mexico: 2025 · World Bank
- Area
- Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourceAustralia: 2023 · World Bank / FAO · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Mexico: 2023 · Total area including inland waters; territorial coverage of the source · World Bank · FAO
- Military expenditure
- Current USD per year; SIPRI series
- Military expenditure (% of GDP)
- Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship
What they buy and sell
Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.
Australia to Mexico
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
| Meat and edible offal | 70.8 M USD2025 · Source |
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 29.3 M USD2025 · Source |
| Machinery and mechanical appliances | 25.4 M USD2025 · Source |
| Mineral fuels and oils | 20.5 M USD2025 · Source |
| Metal ores | 15 M USD2025 · Source |
| Dairy products, eggs and honey | 4.7 M USD2025 · Source |
| Vehicles and components | 3.5 M USD2025 · Source |
| Pharmaceutical products | 1.7 M USD2025 · Source |
Mexico to Australia
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
| Machinery and mechanical appliances | 929.2 M USD2025 · Source |
| Vehicles and components | 663.4 M USD2025 · Source |
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 579.2 M USD2025 · Source |
| Metal ores | 252.6 M USD2025 · Source |
| Pharmaceutical products | 20.4 M USD2025 · Source |
| Dairy products, eggs and honey | 4.2 M USD2025 · Source |
| Mineral fuels and oils | 0.4 M USD2025 · Source |
How trade has changed
Billions of current USD · full calendar years
View chart figures
| Period | Total | Australia to Mexico | Mexico to Australia |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2,931.6 | 222.8 | 2,708.8 |
| 2022 | 3,465.6 | 338.9 | 3,126.7 |
| 2023 | 3,631.4 | 660.1 | 2,971.3 |
| 2024 | 3,823.9 | 492.7 | 3,331.2 |
| 2025 | 3,828.5 | 427.2 | 3,401.3 |
Connections between people
Education and travel provide specific connections. Visitor observations by fiscal year and student observations by calendar year remain separate. [1]
Residents, study and travel
Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.
| Indicator | Value | Period / source |
|---|---|---|
| Residents from Australia living in Mexico | ||
| Residents from Mexico living in Australia | ||
| Study and training: Australia in Mexico | ||
| Study and training: Mexico in AustraliaMexican students in Australia; Department of Education | 3,906 | 2024 · DFAT |
| Academic stays: Australia in Mexico | ||
| Academic stays: Mexico in Australia | ||
| Travel: Australia to Mexico | ||
| Travel: Mexico to AustraliaMexican visitors to Australia; fiscal year; Home Affairs | 10,870arrivals | 2024/25 · DFAT |
What each figure measures
Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.
- Study and training: Mexico in Australia
- Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. 2024 · DFAT
- Travel: Mexico to Australia
- Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. One person may make more than one trip. 2024/25 · DFAT
Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.
Underlying ties
History, institutions and long-standing issues.
Diplomatic relations since 1966
Australia and Mexico established relations in 1966. Diplomatic and consular representation facilitates business contacts, technical cooperation and services to citizens in both countries. [1]
Trade and investment
The agenda includes agribusiness, education, oil and gas, infrastructure financing and mining services. The CPTPP provides a shared framework alongside investment, taxation and sectoral cooperation agreements. [1]
Education and human connections
The Australian source publishes Mexican students and visitors with different years and coverage. It also distinguishes the census by birthplace from ancestry; those figures are not used as if they were resident nationalities. [1]
The scale of both economies
Nominal GDP for Australia is 1,798.5 billion USD (2025), compared with 1,832.6 for Mexico (2025). The reference populations are 27.61 and 131.95 million, respectively. In the same year, the economy of Australia was 0.98 times that of Mexico in nominal GDP. The comparison provides context on market size, but does not, on its own, measure influence, well-being or diplomatic closeness. Estimates and their sources retain their labels in the tables. [5] [6] [7] [8]
Recent developments
Recent developments and latest available data · Reviewed: 2026-10-07
Contacts during 2025
The profile records meetings at the G7, MIKTA and APEC during 2025. Bilateral diplomacy combines those multilateral gatherings with contacts between economic authorities and local cooperation programs. [1]
What merchandise trade shows
In 2025, merchandise trade between the two countries (Australia and Mexico) totalled 3,828.5 million current USD. Shipments from the first to the second were 427.2 million; those in the opposite direction, 3,401.3 million. The difference between the two flows was 2,974.1 million, in favour of Mexico. This is a goods balance, not the total balance of the economic relationship: it excludes services, income and transfers. Both directions come from a single customs reporter to avoid adding mirror records. [2]
The partner's share of exports
Sales from Australia to the partner represented 0.13% of its worldwide goods exports in 2025. The share compares the same reporter, year and coverage. It measures export concentration, not the percentage of GDP dependent on this relationship. A partner may be important in a specific sector even if its share of total goods trade is small. [2]
Five years of trade trends
The consistent series shows 2,931.6 million USD in 2021 and 3,828.5 million in 2025. The change between the two endpoints was +30.6 % in current dollars. The highest annual value in the period was recorded in 2025, at 3,828.5 million. The chart allows the two directions to be compared to see whether they moved together or differently. The change combines quantities, prices and exchange rates; it is not automatically attributed to a treaty, a visit or a political decision. The same reporter is retained and missing years are not interpolated. [3]
Documented trade sectors
Within the selected chapters, meat and edible offal stands out in shipments from Australia to Mexico, at 70.8 million USD in 2025. Within the selected chapters, machinery and mechanical appliances stands out in shipments from Mexico to Australia, at 929.2 million USD in 2025. The table compares eight selected chapters with the same coverage as the trade total. It is not a complete list or proof that the first item in this selection is the leading product across the entire relationship. A chapter groups numerous goods: machinery and components, for example, do not describe a single business transaction. [4]
Documented mobility and communities
Students from Mexico in Australia: 3906 (2024). Mexican students in Australia; Department of Education. Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. [1]
Travel from Mexico in Australia: 10,870 (2024/25). Mexican visitors to Australia; fiscal year; Home Affairs. Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. One person may make more than one trip. [1]
Milestones and consequences
Sources and data
Periods and scope of the figures
Institutional sources and periods accompany each figure. Annual trade, investment positions, residents and visits are distinct measures. Empty cells do not mean zero. Statements of intent are not presented as project implementation or treaties in force.
- Bilateral relations: AUS-MEX
Australia DFAT · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Annual TOTAL X/M; 2025; reporter 36; partners 0,484,702,458,764,608,818,682,784,710,598,242
UN Comtrade / AUS · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Trade series 2021–2025
UN Comtrade / AUS · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Selected HS2 chapters; reporter 36; annual 2025; same partner/flow/coverage as total
UN Comtrade / AUS · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- NY.GDP.MKTP.CD; 2023–2025; country and period preserved; no military series
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Official statistics
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-09-17
- SP.POP.TOTL; 2023–2025; country and period preserved; no military series
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Official statistics
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-06
Additional sources on products and human connections
- UN Comtrade / AUS
2026-10-07 · Accessed: 2026-10-07 · Selected HS2 chapters; reporter 36; annual 2025; same partner/flow/coverage as total.