India and Indonesia
Maritime cooperation, industry and technology connect India and Indonesia. Prabowo's visit to India in January 2025 expanded several instruments. Agreements on maritime security are distinct from trade and both countries' participation in international forums.
Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-07 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-07A visit with a historical dimension
The Indian statement recalled that Indonesia participated as a guest in India's first Republic Day celebration.
Maritime security and capabilities
The joint statement includes maritime cooperation and defence contacts.
Bilateral indicators
Blank cells: data unavailable.
| Indicator | Value | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Goods trade | 25,547.1 M USD | 2025 · UN Comtrade / IND |
| Goods: India to Indonesia | 4,334.01 M USD | 2025 · UN Comtrade / IND |
| Goods: Indonesia to India | 21,213.1 M USD | 2025 · UN Comtrade / IND |
| Services trade | ||
| Export share: India to Indonesia | 0.97 % | 2025 · UN Comtrade / IND |
| Export share: Indonesia to India | ||
| Investment stock: India in Indonesia | ||
| Investment stock: Indonesia in India |
Definitions and sources
Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.
- Goods trade
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / IND · Goods; full year; IND reporter. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF according to the reporter's coverage. No addition of mirror reports.
- Goods: India to Indonesia
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / IND · Goods; full year; IND reporter. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF according to the reporter's coverage. No addition of mirror reports.
- Goods: Indonesia to India
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / IND · Goods; full year; IND reporter. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF according to the reporter's coverage. No addition of mirror reports.
- Export share: India to Indonesia
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / IND · Goods share: IND exports to the partner / the same reporter's exports to the world, same year.
Country comparison
Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.
Year-on-year inflation: different periods or frequencies; the two figures are not directly comparable.
| Indicator | India | Indonesia |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal GDP | 3.96 trillion USD2025 · WB | 1.45 trillion USD2025 · World Bank |
| GDP per capita | 2,702.48 USD2025 · WB | 5,059.63 USD2025 · World Bank |
| GDP growth | 7.57 %2025 · WB | 5.11 %2025 · World Bank |
| Policy interest rate | 5.25 %2026-10-06 · RBI | |
| Inflation · annual average | 2.4 %Annual average · 2025 · WB | 1.91 %Annual average · 2025 · World Bank |
| Inflation · latest year-on-year figure | 4.82 %provisionalprovisionalYear-on-year · Aug. 2026 · MoSPI | 3.28 %Year-on-year · 2026-09 · BPS Indonesia |
| Unemployment | 4.22 %ILO est.2025 · WB | 3.24 %ILO est.2025 · World Bank |
| Budget balance (% of GDP) | -7.4 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | -2.9 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Gross public debt (% of GDP) | 84.1 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | 41 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Current account balance (% of GDP) | -0.42 %2025 · WB | -0.11 %2025 · World Bank |
| Population | 1,463,865,5252025 · WB | 285,721,2362025 · World Bank |
| Area | 3,287,260 km²2023 · BM / FAO | 1,916,907 km²2023 · World Bank |
| Military expenditure | ||
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) |
Definitions, dates and sources
Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.
Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0
Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.
- Nominal GDP
- Current USDIndia: 2025 · World BankIndonesia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; observation period, not download date.
- GDP per capita
- Current USD per personIndia: 2025 · World BankIndonesia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; observation period, not download date.
- GDP growth
- Annual real change (%)India: 2025 · World BankIndonesia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; observation period, not download date.
- Policy interest rate
- Central bank instrument (%)India: 2026-10-06 · RBI policy repo rate · Reserve Bank of India (RBI) · Access date for Current Rates; does not represent a new decision on 6 October. · Alternative official source; verified 2026-10-06
- Inflation · annual average
- Average annual change in headline CPI (%)India: 2025 · Average annual CPI change (%) · World BankIndonesia: 2025 · Annual average change in CPI (%) · World Bank · Official World Bank series; observation period, not download date.
- Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
- Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency statedIndia: 2026-08 · Headline CPI change relative to the same month of the previous year (%) · MoSPI / Press Information Bureau, Government of India · Published: 2026-09-14 · provisional · Provisional · Combined rural and urban headline CPI, 2024 base; provisional MoSPI figure. Not food or wholesale inflation. Provisional figure or official advance release; subject to revision.Indonesia: 2026-09 · Headline CPI; change against the same month of the previous year · BPS Indonesia · National headline CPI year-on-year; not the monthly change or January–September average.
- Unemployment
- % of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionIndia: 2025 · World Bank · ILO est.Indonesia: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate, percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Official World Bank series; observation period, not download date.
- Budget balance
- General government (% of GDP)India: 2025 · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est.Indonesia: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO general-government estimate. Retains the source’s fiscal year when it differs from the calendar year.
- Gross public debt
- General government (% of GDP)India: 2025 · IMF — World Economic Outlook · IMF est.Indonesia: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO general-government estimate. Retains the source’s fiscal year when it differs from the calendar year.
- Current account balance
- % of GDPIndia: 2025 · World BankIndonesia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; observation period, not download date.
- Population
- PeopleIndia: 2025 · World BankIndonesia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; observation period, not download date.
- Area
- Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourceIndia: 2023 · Total area including inland waters; territorial coverage of the source · World Bank · FAOIndonesia: 2023 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; observation period, not download date.
- Military expenditure
- Current USD per year; SIPRI series
- Military expenditure (% of GDP)
- Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship
What they buy and sell
Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.
India to Indonesia
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
| Machinery and mechanical appliances | 506.8 M USD2025 · Source |
| Land vehicles and components | 435.9 M USD2025 · Source |
| Mineral fuels and oils | 217.9 M USD2025 · Source |
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 159.2 M USD2025 · Source |
| Pharmaceutical products | 109.5 M USD2025 · Source |
Indonesia to India
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
| Mineral fuels and oils | 7,131.9 M USD2025 · Source |
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 700.6 M USD2025 · Source |
| Machinery and mechanical appliances | 332.1 M USD2025 · Source |
| Land vehicles and components | 134.4 M USD2025 · Source |
| Pharmaceutical products | 97 M USD2025 · Source |
Connections between people
Education, work, visits and community connections have their own records and procedures. Residents are not equivalent to annual arrivals, and visits may be repeated. The tables retain dates, definitions and sources to distinguish these connections from business contracts and government decisions. [1] [2]
Residents, study and travel
Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.
| Indicator | Value | Period / source |
|---|---|---|
| Residents from India living in Indonesia | ||
| Residents from Indonesia living in India | ||
| Study and training: India in Indonesia | ||
| Study and training: Indonesia in India | ||
| Academic stays: India in Indonesia | ||
| Academic stays: Indonesia in India | ||
| Travel: India to Indonesia | ||
| Travel: Indonesia to India |
What each figure measures
Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.
Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.
Underlying ties
History, institutions and long-standing issues.
A visit with a historical dimension
The Indian statement recalled that Indonesia participated as a guest in India's first Republic Day celebration. Prabowo visited India in January 2025 for a new edition. That earlier event shows long-standing diplomatic connections, not identical continuity of every policy. The visit's statements and agreements have different scopes from the commemoration. [1]
Maritime security and capabilities
The joint statement includes maritime cooperation and defence contacts. Search and rescue, crime prevention and capacity building are functions distinct from a general mutual defence obligation. The instruments need specific procedures and activities. The maritime relationship is not measured solely by the trade balance, nor does it turn every port call into a permanent base. [2]
Health, technology and businesses
The visit's agreements include health, digital and industrial cooperation areas. Business forums provide another channel for negotiation and contacts. A memorandum does not represent the value of all investment or guarantee implementation of every proposal. The table records traded goods, separately from services, future contracts and affiliates' activities in the partner's market. [1] [2]
The scale of the two economies
India recorded nominal GDP of 3,956.1 billion USD in 2025, compared with 1,445.6 in 2025 for Indonesia. The reference populations were 1,463.87 million (2025) and 285.72 million (2025), respectively. In the same year, India's nominal GDP was 2.74 times Indonesia's. These figures provide context on market size; they do not, on their own, describe well-being, individual wealth or political influence. IMF estimates and demographic extrapolations retain their labels in the table. No ratio is calculated when the periods differ. [4] [5] [6] [7]
Recent developments
Recent developments and latest available data · Reviewed: 2026-10-07
The January 2025 statement
The document sets out the visit's outcomes and follow-up priorities. Maritime, business and technology mechanisms have different responsible parties. Annual data show trade over the same period, without attributing every change to that meeting. Health, digital training and maritime security programmes need their own follow-up to establish participants, capabilities and the outcomes of each initiative. [2]
Observed economic exchange
In 2025, recorded goods trade between India and Indonesia totalled 25,547.1 million USD. Shipments from India to Indonesia were 4,334 million USD; those in the reverse direction were 21,213.1 million USD. India's shipments to the partner represented 0.97% of its goods exports to the world, using the same year and reporter. A single customs reporting source is used for both directions. This annual flow does not include all services activity or affiliates' local sales and is not added to accumulated investment capital. [3]
Milestones and consequences
Sources and data
Periods and scope of the figures
Each figure retains its period, unit, definition and source. Announcements, contracts and results are not interchangeable. Empty cells do not mean zero. Customs data for 2025 are not presented as activity observed during later crises.
- Modi's statements during the Indonesian visit
India's Press Information Bureau · Institutional source · Document: 2025-01-25 · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Joint statement on Prabowo's visit
Indonesia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs · Institutional source · Document: 2025-01-26 · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Annual TOTAL X/M; 2025; reporter 699; partners 0,392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704
UN Comtrade / IND · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Official statistics
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-09-17
- NY.GDP.MKTP.CD; country ISO and year preserved; no military data; exact requested country subset independently re-fetched and values compared
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Official statistics
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-06
- SP.POP.TOTL; country ISO and year preserved; no military data; exact requested country subset independently re-fetched and values compared
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- HS2 27; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods
UN Comtrade / IND · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- HS2 30; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods
UN Comtrade / IND · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- HS2 84; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods
UN Comtrade / IND · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- HS2 85; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods
UN Comtrade / IND · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- HS2 87; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods
UN Comtrade / IND · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
Additional sources on products and human connections
- UN Comtrade / IND
2026-10-07 · Accessed: 2026-10-07 · HS2 27; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods.
- UN Comtrade / IND
2026-10-07 · Accessed: 2026-10-07 · HS2 84; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods.
- UN Comtrade / IND
2026-10-07 · Accessed: 2026-10-07 · HS2 87; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods.
- UN Comtrade / IND
2026-10-07 · Accessed: 2026-10-07 · HS2 85; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods.
- UN Comtrade / IND
2026-10-07 · Accessed: 2026-10-07 · HS2 30; 2025; reporter 699; partners 392,36,784,682,376,364,50,524,144,360,704; X/M; annual goods.