THE WORLD, CONNECTEDGeopolitical Relationship Atlas
BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP

Iran and Turkmenistan

Iran and Turkmenistan maintain engagement to follow up bilateral agreements. The June 2026 meeting in Ashgabat highlighted neighbourhood ties and continuity of dialogue between their foreign ministries.

Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-08 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-08

History and institutional framework

Rashid Meredov received Iranian Deputy Minister Mehdi Sobhani at Turkmenistan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 12 June 2026.

Cooperation and bilateral issues

The communication identifies good neighbourliness, mutual respect and trust as declared principles of the relationship.

Cooperation and bilateral issues

The communication identifies good neighbourliness, mutual respect and trust as declared principles of the relationship.

Bilateral indicators

Blank cells: data unavailable.

Indicators of the relationship between Iran and Turkmenistan
IndicatorValuePeriod
Goods trade
Goods: Iran to Turkmenistan
Goods: Turkmenistan to Iran
Services trade
Export share: Iran to Turkmenistan
Export share: Turkmenistan to Iran
Investment stock: Iran in Turkmenistan
Investment stock: Turkmenistan in Iran
Definitions and sources

Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.

Country comparison

Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.

Economic and demographic comparison of Iran and Turkmenistan
IndicatorIranTurkmenistan
Nominal GDP362.68 billion USD2025 · WB49.83 billion USD2025 · WB
GDP per capita3,924.38 USD2025 · WB6,540.18 USD2025 · WB
GDP growth-2.83 %2025 · WB6.3 %2025 · WB
Policy interest rate
Inflation · annual average42.17 %Annual average · 2025 · WB
Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
Unemployment8.3 %ILO est.2025 · WB4.27 %ILO est.2025 · WB
Budget balance (% of GDP)-5.7 %IMF est.2025 · IMF0.1 %IMF est.2025 · IMF
Gross public debt (% of GDP)37.3 %IMF est.2025 · IMF3.8 %IMF est.2025 · IMF
Current account balance (% of GDP)0.6 %IMF est.2025 · IMF
Population92,417,6812025 · WB7,618,8472025 · WB
Area1,745,150 km²2023 · WB491,209 km²2023 · WB
Military expenditure
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
Definitions, dates and sources

Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.

Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0

Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.

Nominal GDP
Current USDIran: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Turkmenistan: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
GDP per capita
Current USD per personIran: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Turkmenistan: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
GDP growth
Annual real change (%)Iran: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Turkmenistan: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
Policy interest rate
Central bank instrument (%)
Inflation · annual average
Average annual change in headline CPI (%)Iran: 2025 · Annual average change in the CPI (%) · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.
Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency stated
Unemployment
% of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionIran: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate, % of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Turkmenistan: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate; percentage of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
Budget balance
General government (% of GDP)Iran: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO estimate, not a monthly observation. Retains the country's fiscal year where it differs from the calendar year.Turkmenistan: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
Gross public debt
General government (% of GDP)Iran: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO estimate, not a monthly observation. Retains the country's fiscal year where it differs from the calendar year.Turkmenistan: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · WEO general-government estimate, % of GDP. Not an observed balance for the current month.
Current account balance
% of GDPIran: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO estimate. The annual reference may follow Iran's fiscal calendar.
Population
PeopleIran: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Turkmenistan: 2025 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
Area
Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourceIran: 2023 · World Bank / FAO · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Turkmenistan: 2023 · World Bank · Annual World Bank observation, with its original year; not monthly data.
Military expenditure
Current USD per year; SIPRI series
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship

What they buy and sell

Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.

Iran to Turkmenistan

Trade composition unavailable from Iran to Turkmenistan
Product or sectorValue / share

Turkmenistan to Iran

Trade composition unavailable from Turkmenistan to Iran
Product or sectorValue / share

Connections between people

Contacts between people and relations between governments are distinct dimensions. Published counts appear in the table with their date and definition; a resident community is not inferred from trade or diplomatic representation. [1]

Residents, study and travel

Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.

Indicators of human connections between Iran and Turkmenistan
IndicatorValuePeriod / source
Residents from Iran living in Turkmenistan
Residents from Turkmenistan living in Iran
Study and training: Iran in Turkmenistan
Study and training: Turkmenistan in Iran
Academic stays: Iran in Turkmenistan
Academic stays: Turkmenistan in Iran
Travel: Iran to Turkmenistan
Travel: Turkmenistan to Iran
What each figure measures

Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.

Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.

Underlying ties

History, institutions and long-standing issues.

History and institutional framework

Rashid Meredov received Iranian Deputy Minister Mehdi Sobhani at Turkmenistan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 12 June 2026. Both reviewed cooperation issues of common interest and the next steps to implement previously reached agreements. [1]

The scale of both economies

Iran's nominal GDP is 362.7 billion USD (2025), compared with 49.8 for Turkmenistan (2025). The reference populations are 92.42 and 7.62 million, respectively. In the same year, Iran's economy was 7.28 times Turkmenistan's in nominal GDP. The comparison provides context on market size, but does not, on its own, measure influence, well-being or diplomatic closeness. Estimates and their sources retain their labels in the tables. [2] [3] [4] [5]

Recent developments

Recent developments and latest available data · Review: 2026-10-08

Cooperation and bilateral issues

The communication identifies good neighbourliness, mutual respect and trust as declared principles of the relationship. It does not list specific sectors or new documents signed during the meeting. Its specific contribution is to confirm an active ministerial channel and a follow-up meeting, without establishing energy projects, infrastructure or financial commitments not identified in the text. [1]

Sources and data

Periods and scope of the figures

Institutional sources and periods accompany each figure. Annual trade, investment positions, residents and visits are distinct measures. Empty cells do not mean zero. Statements of intent are not presented as project implementation or treaties in force.

  1. Bilateral relations — IRN-TKM

    mfa.gov.tm · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-08

  2. NY.GDP.MKTP.CD; 2023–2025; country and period preserved; no military series

    World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07

  3. Official series — gdp

    World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07

  4. SP.POP.TOTL; 2023–2025; country and period preserved; no military series

    World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07

  5. Official series — population

    World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07

Additional sources on products and human connections