Türkiye and Australia
Türkiye and Australia maintain human ties, historical remembrance and cooperation against organized crime. Travel and earthquake assistance add practical dimensions to the relationship.
Analysis reviewed: 2026-10-07 · Indicators updated: 2026-10-07A relationship with historical memory
The relationship includes visits and Anzac commemorations alongside diplomatic contacts.
Assistance after the 2023 earthquakes
Australia provided funding and response teams after the earthquakes in southeastern Türkiye.
Bilateral indicators
Blank cells: data unavailable.
| Indicator | Value | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Goods trade | 1,535.41 M USD | 2025 · UN Comtrade / TUR |
| Goods: Türkiye to Australia | 943.03 M USD | 2025 · UN Comtrade / TUR |
| Goods: Australia to Türkiye | 592.38 M USD | 2025 · UN Comtrade / TUR |
| Services trade | ||
| Export share: Türkiye to Australia | 0.34 % | 2025 · UN Comtrade / TUR |
| Export share: Australia to Türkiye | ||
| Investment stock: Türkiye in Australia | ||
| Investment stock: Australia in Türkiye |
Definitions and sources
Trade adds both directions. Shares refer to the country’s total goods exports; investment is an accumulated stock, not an annual flow. Every figure retains the currency and period of its source. BEA positions are historical-cost estimates based on the immediate counterpart, not market values or investment by ultimate owner. ‘More than’ indicates a lower bound, not an exact amount. A recorded stock does not establish new activity or authorisation to operate under sanctions.
- Goods trade
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / TUR · Goods; full year; reporter TUR. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF according to the reporter's coverage. Mirror reports are not added together.
- Goods: Türkiye to Australia
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / TUR · Goods; full year; reporter TUR. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF according to the reporter's coverage. Mirror reports are not added together.
- Goods: Australia to Türkiye
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / TUR · Goods; full year; reporter TUR. Exports normally FOB and imports CIF according to the reporter's coverage. Mirror reports are not added together.
- Export share: Türkiye to Australia
- 2025 · UN Comtrade / TUR · Goods share: TUR exports to the partner / exports by the same reporter to the world, same year.
Country comparison
Period and source beside each figure · est. = estimate by the stated institution.
Some annual indicators refer to different years. Check the period beside each value before comparing them.
Year-on-year inflation: different periods or frequencies; the two figures are not directly comparable.
| Indicator | Türkiye | Australia |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal GDP | 1.6 trillion USD2025 · WB | 1.8 trillion USD2025 · WB |
| GDP per capita | 18,599.44 USD2025 · WB | 65,129.72 USD2025 · WB |
| GDP growth | 3.6 %2025 · WB | 1.35 %2025 · WB |
| Policy interest rate | 37 %2026-09-10 · TCMB | 4.6 %2026-09-29 · RBA |
| Inflation · annual average | 34.88 %Annual average · 2025 · WB | 2.87 %Annual average · 2025 · WB |
| Inflation · latest year-on-year figure | 29.73 %Headline CPI · 2026-09 · year-on-year · TCMB / TURKSTAT | 4 %Headline CPI · 2026-08 · year-on-year · ABS |
| Unemployment | 8.52 %ILO est.2025 · WB | 4.09 %ILO est.2025 · WB |
| Budget balance (% of GDP) | -2.8 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | -2.8 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Gross public debt (% of GDP) | 23.5 %IMF est.2025 · IMF | 51 %IMF est.2025 · IMF |
| Current account balance (% of GDP) | -0.77 %2024 · WB | -2.68 %2025 · WB |
| Population | 85,878,5562025 · WB | 27,614,4112025 · WB |
| Area | 785,350 km²2023 · WB | 7,741,220 km²2023 · WB |
| Military expenditure | ||
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) |
Definitions, dates and sources
Blank cells are not zero. Average annual inflation and the latest year-on-year figure appear in separate rows: they are not the same measure. Every annual indicator retains its reference year; when the years differ, the figures are identified as not directly comparable. When a figure is unavailable from the World Bank, an annual IMF estimate is used and identified as such. The latest year-on-year figure is the latest official release verified as of 7 October 2026. This includes advance releases marked as provisional. Mexico may have a fortnightly figure before the full month is published; it is not automatically compared with a monthly figure. The publication date is retained in each source’s details; it does not replace the observation period or the annual average. Policy rates carry their own dates and represent different instruments. Spain and France share the ECB rate. Balances are positive for surpluses and negative for deficits. The IMF may use fiscal years; unemployment retains each source’s definition (ILO estimates, IMF WEO or PCBS), as stated in the details. For Palestine, debt and the fiscal balance cover central government and retain the PCBS definition; they are not presented as consolidated general government. These are economic magnitudes, not measures of relationship quality.
Area retains each source’s territorial coverage; it does not determine sovereignty or effective control. Canada uses an archived national geographic reference. Military expenditure retains the 2024 SIPRI sample distributed by the World Bank: the amount and percentage of GDP use that same definition, which differs from NATO’s. It is not an approved budget or a 2026 figure. Information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Military expenditure database · Terms of use0
Indicators reviewed: 2026-10-07. Each source retains its original access date; this review does not turn all the data into 2026 observations. Figures may be revised.
- Nominal GDP
- Current USDTürkiye: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Australia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.
- GDP per capita
- Current USD per personTürkiye: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Australia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.
- GDP growth
- Annual real change (%)Türkiye: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Australia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.
- Policy interest rate
- Central bank instrument (%)Türkiye: 2026-09-10 · One-week repo auction rate · TCMB · Official central-bank decision; not a commercial lending rate or a bill yield.Australia: 2026-09-29 · Cash rate target · RBA · Official central-bank decision; not a commercial lending rate or a bill yield.
- Inflation · annual average
- Average annual change in headline CPI (%)Türkiye: 2025 · Annual average change in the CPI (%) · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Australia: 2025 · Annual average change in the CPI (%) · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.
- Inflation · latest year-on-year figure
- Headline CPI relative to the same period of the previous year (%); monthly or fortnightly frequency statedTürkiye: 2026-09 · National headline CPI, change from the same month of the previous year · TCMB / TURKSTAT · Official monthly data. Not mixed with the annual average. · Alternative official source; verified 2026-10-07Australia: 2026-08 · National headline CPI, change from the same month of the previous year · ABS · Published: 2026-09-30 · Official monthly data. Not mixed with the annual average. · Alternative official source; verified 2026-10-07
- Unemployment
- % of the labour force; definition used by the stated institutionTürkiye: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate, % of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Australia: 2025 · ILO modelled estimate, % of the labour force · World Bank · ILO est. · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.
- Budget balance
- General government (% of GDP)Türkiye: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO estimate, not a monthly observation. Retains the country's fiscal year where it differs from the calendar year.Australia: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO estimate, not a monthly observation. Retains the country's fiscal year where it differs from the calendar year.
- Gross public debt
- General government (% of GDP)Türkiye: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO estimate, not a monthly observation. Retains the country's fiscal year where it differs from the calendar year.Australia: 2025 · IMF · IMF est. · IMF WEO estimate, not a monthly observation. Retains the country's fiscal year where it differs from the calendar year.
- Current account balance
- % of GDPTürkiye: 2024 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Australia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.
- Population
- PeopleTürkiye: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Australia: 2025 · World Bank · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.
- Area
- Total area in km²; territorial coverage of the sourceTürkiye: 2023 · World Bank / FAO · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.Australia: 2023 · World Bank / FAO · Official World Bank series; latest verified period available for this series in the 2023–2025 query.
- Military expenditure
- Current USD per year; SIPRI series
- Military expenditure (% of GDP)
- Percentage of GDP; SIPRI definition, not NATO’s definition
Other data specific to this relationship
What they buy and sell
Documented selection, not an exhaustive list. Cells without a figure do not mean zero value; some products are identified without a verified amount.
Türkiye to Australia
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
| Vehicles and components | 224.9 M USD2025 · Source |
| Machinery and mechanical appliances | 132.2 M USD2025 · Source |
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 37.3 M USD2025 · Source |
| Pharmaceutical products | 6.4 M USD2025 · Source |
| Dairy products, eggs and honey | 0.3 M USD2025 · Source |
| Mineral fuels and oils | 0.1 M USD2025 · Source |
| Metal ores | 0 M USD2025 · Source |
Australia to Türkiye
| Product or sector | Value / share |
|---|---|
| Mineral fuels and oils | 372.4 M USD2025 · Source |
| Machinery and mechanical appliances | 16.2 M USD2025 · Source |
| Metal ores | 14.6 M USD2025 · Source |
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 5.6 M USD2025 · Source |
| Pharmaceutical products | 4.3 M USD2025 · Source |
| Meat and edible offal | 1.1 M USD2025 · Source |
| Vehicles and components | 0.6 M USD2025 · Source |
How trade has changed
Billions of current USD · full calendar years
View chart figures
| Period | Total | Türkiye to Australia | Australia to Türkiye |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2,094.2 | 971 | 1,123.2 |
| 2022 | 2,605.2 | 965.7 | 1,639.6 |
| 2023 | 2,113 | 944.3 | 1,168.8 |
| 2024 | 2,227.9 | 1,085.7 | 1,142.2 |
| 2025 | 1,535.4 | 943 | 592.4 |
Connections between people
Flights, studies and the community of Turkish origin accompany a relationship of historical memory and institutional exchanges. [2]
Residents, study and travel
Blank cells: data unavailable. Each measure retains its definition and period.
Travel figures retain each source's coverage. Check the definitions and periods before comparing the two directions.
| Indicator | Value | Period / source |
|---|---|---|
| Residents from Türkiye living in Australia | ||
| Residents from Australia living in Türkiye | ||
| Study and training: Türkiye in AustraliaTurkish students in Australia; DFAT profile | 4,883 | 2024 · DFAT |
| Study and training: Australia in Türkiye | ||
| Academic stays: Türkiye in Australia | ||
| Academic stays: Australia in Türkiye | ||
| Travel: Türkiye to AustraliaTurkish visitors to Australia; DFAT profile | 9,690arrivals | 2024 · DFAT |
| Travel: Australia to TürkiyeAustralian visitors to Türkiye; DFAT profile | 61,630arrivals | 2024 · DFAT |
What each figure measures
Residents are counted by nationality and the coverage of the stated register, not as people born in the other country or as new arrivals in one year. PERE includes dual nationals and people born outside Spain. Study with OPT and stays carrying academic credit are different measures. Travel may include several visits by the same person; FRONTUR arrivals require an overnight stay, whereas the Canadian survey includes day visits. These figures are neither added together nor automatically compared across directions.
- Study and training: Türkiye in Australia
- Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. 2024 · DFAT
- Travel: Türkiye to Australia
- Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. One person may make more than one trip. 2024 · DFAT
- Travel: Australia to Türkiye
- Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. One person may make more than one trip. 2024 · DFAT
Mobility data added or reviewed: 2026-10-07. Reference periods may be earlier.
Underlying ties
History, institutions and long-standing issues.
A relationship with historical memory
The relationship includes visits and Anzac commemorations alongside diplomatic contacts. Gallipoli's memory forms part of societal ties and does not exhaust the contemporary political agenda. [1]
Institutional cooperation
Both participate in the G20, OECD and MIKTA. Bilateral agreements include aviation, taxation, extradition, investment and cooperation against terrorism and organized crime. [2]
Flights, students and communities
The Australian profile identifies direct flights with Istanbul, visitors in both directions and Turkish students in Australia. Birth in Türkiye, ancestry and nationality are distinct concepts; the tables retain the definition of the data used. [2]
The scale of both economies
Nominal GDP for Türkiye is 1,597.3 billion USD (2025), compared with 1,798.5 for Australia (2025). The reference populations are 85.88 and 27.61 million, respectively. In the same year, the economy of Türkiye was 0.89 times that of Australia in nominal GDP. The comparison provides context on market size, but does not, on its own, measure influence, well-being or diplomatic closeness. Estimates and their sources retain their labels in the tables. [6] [7]
Recent developments
Recent developments and latest available data · Reviewed: 2026-10-07
Assistance after the 2023 earthquakes
Australia provided funding and response teams after the earthquakes in southeastern Türkiye. Ministerial contacts and commemorative visits continued afterward, reflecting a relationship combining memory, civil protection and practical cooperation. [2]
What merchandise trade shows
In 2025, merchandise trade between the two countries (Türkiye and Australia) totalled 1,535.4 million current USD. Shipments from the first to the second were 943 million; those in the opposite direction, 592.4 million. The difference between the two flows was 350.7 million, in favour of Türkiye. This is a goods balance, not the total balance of the economic relationship: it excludes services, income and transfers. Both directions come from a single customs reporter to avoid adding mirror records. [3]
The partner's share of exports
Sales from Türkiye to the partner represented 0.34% of its worldwide goods exports in 2025. The share compares the same reporter, year and coverage. It measures export concentration, not the percentage of GDP dependent on this relationship. A partner may be important in a specific sector even if its share of total goods trade is small. [3]
Five years of trade trends
The consistent series shows 2,094.2 million USD in 2021 and 1,535.4 million in 2025. The change between the two endpoints was -26.7 % in current dollars. The highest annual value in the period was recorded in 2022, at 2,605.2 million. The chart allows the two directions to be compared to see whether they moved together or differently. The change combines quantities, prices and exchange rates; it is not automatically attributed to a treaty, a visit or a political decision. The same reporter is retained and missing years are not interpolated. [4]
Documented trade sectors
Within the selected chapters, vehicles and components stands out in shipments from Türkiye to Australia, at 224.9 million USD in 2025. Within the selected chapters, mineral fuels and oils stands out in shipments from Australia to Türkiye, at 372.4 million USD in 2025. The table compares eight selected chapters with the same coverage as the trade total. It is not a complete list or proof that the first item in this selection is the leading product across the entire relationship. A chapter groups numerous goods: machinery and components, for example, do not describe a single business transaction. [5]
Documented mobility and communities
Studies from Türkiye in Australia: 4883 (2024). Turkish students in Australia; DFAT profile. Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. [2]
Travel from Türkiye to Australia: 9690 (2024). Turkish visitors to Australia; DFAT profile. Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. One person may make more than one trip. [2]
Australian trips in Türkiye: 61,630 (2024). Australian visitors to Türkiye; DFAT profile. Record published with its original period. It is not extrapolated to 2026, nor is residence confused with ancestry or birthplace. One person may make more than one trip. [2]
Milestones and consequences
Sources and data
Periods and scope of the figures
Institutional sources and periods accompany each figure. Annual trade, investment positions, residents and visits are distinct measures. Empty cells do not mean zero. Statements of intent are not presented as project implementation or treaties in force.
- Bilateral relations: AUS-TUR
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Türkiye · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Bilateral relations: AUS-TUR
Australia DFAT · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Annual TOTAL X/M; 2025; reporter 792; partners 0,36
UN Comtrade / TUR · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Trade series 2021–2025
UN Comtrade / TUR · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- Selected HS2 chapters; reporter 792; annual 2025; same partner/flow/coverage as total
UN Comtrade / TUR · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- NY.GDP.MKTP.CD; 2023–2025; country and period preserved; no military series
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
- SP.POP.TOTL; 2023–2025; country and period preserved; no military series
World Bank · Institutional source · Accessed: 2026-10-07
Additional sources on products and human connections
- UN Comtrade / TUR
2026-10-07 · Accessed: 2026-10-07 · Selected HS2 chapters; reporter 792; annual 2025; same partner/flow/coverage as total.